The V-E-J Tidal-Torquing Model & Solar Maxima

Please read these posts if you are not familiar with the V-E-J Tidal Torquing model:


http://astroclimateconnection.blogspot.com.au/2012/03/planetary-spin-orbit-coupling-model-for.html
http://astroclimateconnection.blogspot.com.au/2012/03/short-comings-of-planetary-spin-orbit.html
http://astroclimateconnection.blogspot.com.au/2012/04/why-does-solar-cycle-keep-re.html
http://astroclimateconnection.blogspot.com.au/2012/04/v-e-j-tidal-torquing-model-maunder.html

Figures 1a and 1b show cumulative acceleration that would 
occur tangentially to the surface of the Sun, if the gravitational 
force of Jupiter were to tug upon the combined tidal bulge 
that is induced in the convective layer of the Sun by the 
periodic alignments of Venus and the Earth (every 1.599 
years). In essence, whenever the cumulative acceleration
is increasing (i.e its slope is positive), the tugging gravitational
force of Jupiter increase the rotation rate of a layer of plasma
in the Sun's convective layer [assumed to be a dynamically
decoupled layer ~ 0.02 % of the mass of the Sun]. Similarly, 
whenever the cumulative acceleration is decreasing (i.e its 
slope is negative), the tugging gravitational force of Jupiter 
decrease the rotation rate of a layer of plasma in the Sun's 
convective layer.


N.B. It is reasonable to assume that the dynamically
decoupled layer in the Sun's convection region is likely 
to be at the base of the convective zone near the 
Tachocline, since this is where most solar scientists 
believe that the solar dynamo is formed.


Figure 1a shows this cumulative acceleration between the 
years 1880 and 1960, while figure 1b shows the corresponding
plot between the years 1950 and 2030.


Superimposed on each of these figures are the times of solar 
maximum for solar sunspot cycles 13 through 23.

Figure 1a

Figure 1b

What these two figures show is that:

Whenever the Sun's sunspot cycles were weak, as in 

the later parts of the 19 th century and the first 40 years 

of the 20 th century (i.e. cycles 13 through 17), the 

rotation velocity of the layer in the convective region of 

the Sun changed direction PRIOR TO the date of solar 

sunspot maximum.

Whenever the Sun's sunspot cycles were strong, as in 

the last 60 years of the 20 th century (i.e. cycles 18 

through 23), the rotation velocity of the layer in the 

convective region of the Sun changed direction AFTER 

the date of solar sunspot maximum.

What this suggests is that there could be a correlation

between the relative timing of the change in rotation 

velocity of the layer in the convective region that is being

spun up and spun down by Jupiter's gravitational force.

Figure 2a shows the peak Solar sunspot number for cycles

-4 through 23 [covering the period from 1698 to 2009]

plotted against the number of years that the Jupiter

induced change in direction of rotation of the layer in
the convective zone, occurs BEHIND the year of solar 
maximum [i.e. Solar maximum minus peak cumulative 
acceleration in years]. 

The data in figure 2a clearly shows that there is indeed 

a moderately good correlation between these two 

variables (R = 0.678).

Figure 2a

One thing that immediately becomes apparent from figure 2a,

is that there are three solar sunspot cycles associated with 

the Dalton Minimum (i.e cycles 4, 5 and 6 which are 

labelled in the diagram) that are systematically shifted towards 

lower left of the figure. This raises the possibility that during 

periods of low solar activity like that in the Dalton Minimum, 

the Sun may respond differently to the tidal-torquing of Jupiter 

than at times of "normal" solar sunspot activity.

   

Figure 2b below, shows that if these three unusual solar cycles 

are excluded from the data set, the quality of the correlation 

greatly improves, with the new linear correlation co-efficient

being R = 0.784.     

Figure 2b

This is comparable to the level of correlation that exists between

the peak sunspot number for a solar cycle and the time it takes

[in years] for that sunspot cycle to reach maximum.

Figure 3 shows the relationship between the peak solar sunspot 

number and the time required for that sunspot cycle to reach its

maximum for solar cycles -4 through 23. As you can see, there

is a very good correlation between these two parameters with 

the correlation coefficient being R = 0.810.

Figure 3

Hence, provided we exclude the unusual solar sunspot 

cycles associated with grand solar minima, there appears 

to be an excellent correlation between peak sunspot 

number of a solar-cycle and the timing of the Jupiter induced 

change in direction of the rotation rate [of a layer in the 

convective zone of the Sun] compared to the timing of 

solar maximum.

Peak SSN = -13.485 x (SOL MAX - PEAK of Cumulative Acceleration) + 116.05  

Unfortunately, this relationship cannot be used to predict the 

peak SN for the next two solar cycles, as there is a strong 

possibility that both cycles 24 and 25 will be very similar to 

cycles 5 and 6 in the Dalton Minimum. Evidence for this can 

be seen in figure 4.  

Figure 4 is a reproduction of figure 2a, with a box superimposed 

on the figure showing were we expect solar cycle 24 to be 

located if it reached a sunspot maximum some time between 

2013 and 2014, with a peak sunspot number between 65 

and 85. This places cycle 24 in similar part of the diagram as 

solar cycles 5 and 6.

N.B. The relation between peak SN and the rise time of a solar 

cycle [shown in figure 3] would point to a maximum for cycle 24 

that is either at or after 2014, tending to favor a location for cycle

24 that is at the right hand side of the box in figure 4.

    

Figure 4

Finally, it is important to note that unlike other models that 

link the level of solar sunspot activity to planetary motions, 

the simple V-E-J  Tidal-Torquing model [that has been 

presented in this blog] implicitly produces many of the 

observed properties of the Solar sunspot cycle without 

any need for a "phase-catastrophe" to realign the planetary

motions with the solar dynamo.

If you want to see how the V-E-J Tidal-Torquing model
implicitly produces many of the observed properties of the
Solar sunspot cycle then you can download the following
paper in the General Science Journal for free:

http://www.wbabin.net/Science-Journals/Research%20Papers-Astrophysics/Download/3812


Do Periodic Peaks in the Planetary Tidal Forces
Acting Upon the Sun Influence the Sunspot Cycle?
Ian R. G. Wilson 2010